Arkansas

Arkansas [Context Data]

A. Context Statistics 1 2

General Child Population (Census Bureau) 3
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total children under 18 years 707,169 706,559 706,077 705,584 703,180
Race/ethnicity (%) 4
Alaska Native / American Indian 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7
Asian 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6
Black 18.2 18.1 18.0 17.9 17.8
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5
Hispanic (of any race) 11.6 11.8 12.1 12.3 12.5
White 64.2 63.9 63.5 63.2 63.0
Two or more races 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9
Child population in poverty (%) 26.4 27.2 23.8 22.5 24.7
Child Welfare Summary 5
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Child maltreatment victims 8,971 9,204 9,707 9,334 8,538
Foster care entry rate 5.0 5.8 5.8 5.4 4.4
Children in foster care on 9/30 3,806 4,548 4,880 4,776 4,234
Children adopted 743 740 758 971 1,001
Caseworker Visits 6
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children receiving monthly visits (%) 83 82 79 79 85
Numerator 34,914 36,144 40,612 43,237 43,044
Denominator 41,932 44,064 51,141 54,789 50,380
Children receiving visits in the home (%) 94 92 91 91 94
Numerator 32,755 33,400 37,077 39,561 40,375
Denominator 34,914 36,144 40,612 43,237 43,044

1 The source data for each table is indicated in parentheses for each section. A calendar year is the basis for data from the Census Bureau. Most of the other data on these pages are from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) or the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) and are based on the federal fiscal year, October 1 through September 30.  Back
2 Data that did not meet the quality standards for inclusion in the report are represented as DQ*. Incomplete data excluded from inclusion in the report are represented as --. For additional information on the data quality thresholds for the Child Welfare Outcomes Report, please reference the full report or the Child Welfare Outcomes data site.  Back
3 The total child population and data on race/ethnicity represent estimates from the Census Bureau https://www.census.gov/data/tables.html . Child poverty data are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS).  Back
4 For race/ethnicity tables, all races exclude children of Hispanic origin. The Child Welfare Outcomes Report data site http://cwoutcomes.acf.hhs.gov/cwodatasite provides alternative race/ethnicity breakdowns in which race and ethnicity are treated as two separate categories.  Back
5 A child victim is defined as a child for whom the state determined at least one maltreatment was substantiated or indicated. This includes a child who died of child abuse and neglect. This is a change from prior years when children with dispositions of alternative response victim were included as victims. The rate for foster care entry is per 1,000 children in the state population. Data on child maltreatment victims are from NCANDS. Data on foster care entry rate, children in foster care on 9/30, and children adopted are from AFCARS.  Back
6 The reporting population subject to the caseworker visits requirements includes all children under age 18 for at least the first day of the FY (October 1) who have been in foster care for at least one full calendar month during the FY. All states have the option of using an approved sampling procedure for the caseworker visits reporting requirement.  Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System [NCANDS]) 7

Overview Maltreatment Information 8
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
  Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate Number Rate
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment 57,886 81.9 per 1,000 58,072 82.2 per 1,000 58,685 83.1 per 1,000 60,736 86.1 per 1,000 58,823 83.7 per 1,000
Total child maltreatment victims 8,971 12.7 per 1,000 9,204 13.0 per 1,000 9,707 13.7 per 1,000 9,334 13.2 per 1,000 8,538 12.1 per 1,000
Child Fatalities 21 3.0 per 100,000 40 5.7 per 100,000 42 5.9 per 100,000 37 5.2 per 100,000 44 6.3 per 100,000
Age of Child Victims (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Under 1 year 15.3 17.6 17.9 20.6 21.7
1 year 5.8 5.8 6.4 6.1 5.9
2 years 5.9 6.5 5.9 5.9 6.0
3 years 6.5 5.9 5.3 6.1 5.5
4 years 6.3 5.5 5.1 5.7 5.0
5 years 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.3 5.0
6 years 6.1 5.8 6.0 5.3 4.8
7 years 5.8 5.7 5.2 4.5 4.2
8 years 4.7 5.0 5.3 4.5 4.3
9 years 4.6 4.3 4.7 4.3 4.5
10 years 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.2
11 years 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.1
12 years 4.2 3.7 4.5 3.8 4.1
13 years 4.8 4.6 4.1 3.9 4.4
14 years 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 5.0
15 years 4.7 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.0
16 years 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.7
17 years 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.8
18+ years 0.1 0.1 0.1 <.1 <.1
Missing data 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.8
Number 8,971 9,204 9,707 9,334 8,538
Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Alaska Native / American Indian <.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Asian 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2
Black 15.9 17.3 16.2 17.5 17.5
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4
Hispanic (of any race) 6.3 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.5
White 69.8 67.1 68.8 67.1 66.9
Two or more races 6.7 7.7 7.3 7.8 7.8
Missing data 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.6
Number 8,971 9,204 9,707 9,334 8,538
Maltreatment Types of Child Victims (%) 9
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Emotional abuse 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.7 1.3
Medical neglect 12.0 13.3 13.6 15.7 16.7
Neglect 57.9 58.4 59.9 56.7 49.7
Physical abuse 22.1 22.5 21.5 22.5 30.2
Sexual abuse 22.4 21.2 20.8 19.7 20.3
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other 0.1 <.1 <.1 0.0 <.1
Number 8,971 9,204 9,707 9,334 8,538
Time to Investigation (in hours) 10
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Mean 114.8 98.0 113.1 134.2 97.6
Median >24 but<48 >24 but<48 >24 but<48 >24 but<48 >24 but<48

7 The unique count of child victims counts a child only once regardless of the number of times he or she was found to be a victim during the reporting year.  Back
8 The rates for Child Protective Services responses and victims are per 1,000 children under age 18; for fatalities, the rate is per 100,000 children under age 18.  Back
9 These percentages are calculated against the number of unique victims. A child may have been the victim of more than one type of maltreatment, or the same type of maltreatment more than once. As a result, the total percentages both within and across maltreatment categories may exceed 100.  Back
10 Response time is defined as the time between the report of suspected maltreatment and the first face-to-face contact with the alleged victim or with another person who can provide information on the allegation.  Back

C. Characteristics of Children in Foster Care (Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System [AFCARS] Foster Care File)

Overview Foster Care Information
  In Foster Care on 10/1 FY Entered Foster Care in FY Exited Foster Care in FY In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total number 3,669 3,694 4,182 4,767 4,688 3,542 4,065 4,103 3,778 3,123 3,405 3,213 3,405 3,770 3,578 3,806 4,548 4,880 4,776 4,234
Median length of stay (months) 9.9 10.3 8.6 9.1 10.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 7.7 9.5 9.6 11.0 12.0 9.9 8.1 9.0 10.7 11.8
Age of Children in Foster Care (%)
  In Foster Care on 10/1 FY Entered Foster Care in FY Exited Foster Care in FY In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Under 1 year 8.9 8.6 9.0 9.4 9.2 16.7 16.8 19.0 20.6 19.5 6.7 6.7 6.1 6.9 6.0 8.7 8.6 9.6 9.3 8.3
1 year 9.6 8.9 9.8 9.8 10.0 8.4 8.3 7.9 8.9 8.5 10.0 10.1 9.9 11.1 12.4 8.9 9.5 9.7 9.9 9.5
2 years 7.8 8.8 7.7 8.3 8.1 7.9 7.6 7.6 6.9 7.2 8.7 9.2 9.1 9.8 9.0 8.8 7.5 8.2 8.2 7.9
3 years 7.0 7.3 6.7 6.9 6.6 7.5 6.7 6.8 6.3 5.8 7.4 8.3 7.6 7.6 7.6 7.3 6.6 7.0 6.7 6.4
4 years 5.9 6.4 6.7 5.6 5.8 6.7 6.0 5.4 6.2 6.2 7.7 6.9 7.3 6.7 6.8 6.3 6.9 5.6 5.8 5.6
5 years 6.0 5.3 5.7 5.9 5.4 5.6 5.9 5.6 4.9 5.3 5.7 5.9 5.9 6.0 5.9 5.3 5.8 5.9 5.4 5.4
6 years 5.3 6.1 5.0 5.2 4.9 6.0 5.3 5.4 4.7 4.5 6.6 5.9 5.5 4.9 5.7 6.2 5.0 5.2 4.9 4.6
7 years 4.6 5.3 5.5 5.2 4.8 5.9 5.3 4.9 4.2 4.3 5.0 5.8 5.3 4.9 4.7 5.2 5.4 5.1 4.9 4.4
8 years 4.8 4.2 4.8 5.4 5.0 3.7 5.5 5.0 4.5 3.8 4.9 5.2 4.6 4.8 4.1 4.2 5.1 5.5 4.9 4.3
9 years 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.2 5.0 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.0 5.2
10 years 3.9 3.9 4.3 4.3 4.4 3.7 3.3 3.6 4.3 4.0 4.5 3.5 3.8 4.7 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.6
11 years 4.6 3.7 3.9 4.0 4.4 3.6 3.9 3.3 4.0 3.7 3.8 3.4 3.2 3.6 4.1 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.4 4.1
12 years 4.1 4.3 3.9 3.9 4.4 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.9 3.6 3.3 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.3 4.5
13 years 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.3 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.0 4.1 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.9
14 years 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.1 3.5 3.3 3.7 3.9 4.1 3.4 3.1 4.1 3.1 3.0 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.1 4.3
15 years 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.0 4.8 3.8 4.9 3.9 3.5 3.7 3.2 3.2 3.1 2.6 3.0 4.7 5.0 4.0 4.9 4.9
16 years 5.0 4.4 4.9 4.5 4.7 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.1 2.9 3.7 2.9 3.1 4.5 5.1 4.5 4.6 5.8
17 years 5.6 5.4 4.6 5.0 4.6 2.3 2.6 3.0 2.4 3.8 2.3 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.8 5.3 4.4 5.0 4.6 5.3
18 years 0.0 0.0 <.1 <.1 0.0 <.1 0.0 <.1 <.1 <.1 6.0 6.3 6.0 6.4 6.3 0.0 <.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
19 years 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
20+ years 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)
  In Foster Care on 10/1 FY Entered Foster Care in FY Exited Foster Care in FY In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Alaska Native / American Indian 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.3 <.1 <.1 <.1 <.1 0.2 0.3 <.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 <.1
Asian <.1 <.1 0.1 0.1 <.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 <.1 0.1 0.2 <.1 <.1 0.2 <.1 <.1 0.2 0.2 <.1 <.1
Black 20.6 17.9 20.0 17.7 17.7 15.5 19.8 16.1 16.9 16.7 18.0 16.8 18.4 16.9 18.4 18.2 20.4 17.8 17.7 16.4
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 <.1 <.1 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.5 <.1 <.1 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 <.1 0.3
Hispanic (of any race) 6.4 6.8 6.5 5.7 6.0 6.5 5.7 5.6 5.7 6.9 6.4 6.1 7.1 5.5 6.3 6.5 6.3 5.2 5.8 6.3
White 61.1 63.3 60.5 64.2 63.4 68.4 63.2 68.1 66.5 65.1 65.3 66.2 63.5 66.6 63.0 64.1 61.2 64.9 64.2 65.0
Two or more races 11.7 11.3 12.1 11.5 12.4 8.6 10.0 9.1 9.9 10.2 9.7 10.1 10.1 9.7 11.4 10.6 11.0 11.0 11.6 11.5
Unknown 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

D. Characteristics of Children "Waiting for Adoption" 11 (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Children Waiting for Adoption
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total waiting children 1,034 1,122 1,198 1,330 1,351
Number of waiting children whose parents' rights have been terminated 757 757 795 795 809

11 There is no federal definition for a child waiting to be adopted. The definition used in the tables on this page includes children and youth through age 17 who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' parental rights have been terminated. It excludes children 16 years old and older whose parents' parental rights have been terminated and who have a goal of emancipation. A state's own definition may differ from that used here.  Back

Age of Children Waiting for Adoption (%) 12
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Under 1 year 1.7 3.4 2.5 3.4 2.5
1 year 7.6 8.0 7.8 9.4 7.5
2 years 8.1 7.1 7.3 7.6 6.4
3 years 6.7 6.5 5.3 5.5 5.8
4 years 6.6 6.5 6.2 4.9 4.2
5 years 4.8 5.0 5.8 4.9 5.8
6 years 7.4 4.0 5.7 5.7 4.4
7 years 5.8 5.0 5.2 5.0 5.0
8 years 5.3 4.8 5.8 5.0 5.1
9 years 5.9 6.4 5.4 5.7 7.0
10 years 5.6 6.4 6.3 5.8 6.1
11 years 4.5 4.7 6.1 6.5 5.3
12 years 7.4 5.6 5.4 5.5 7.0
13 years 6.0 6.5 5.3 5.6 6.4
14 years 5.5 5.8 6.5 5.6 6.0
15 years 4.6 6.5 5.5 7.5 5.8
16 years 3.8 4.7 5.0 4.5 6.4
17 years 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.0 3.0

12 Children older than 17 years fall outside of the definition used to identify waiting children and are therefore excluded from this table.  Back

Race/Ethnicity of Children Waiting for Adoption (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Alaska Native / American Indian 0.3 0.4 <.1 0.0 <.1
Asian 0.0 0.0 0.0 <.1 0.1
Black 19.2 19.0 18.2 18.1 16.9
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander 0.0 0.0 0.0 <.1 <.1
Hispanic (of any race) 6.3 7.8 6.8 6.7 7.0
White 60.3 58.4 60.6 61.8 62.5
Two or more races 13.8 14.0 14.2 13.0 13.0
Unknown 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

E. Characteristics of Children Adopted (AFCARS Adoption File)

Children Adopted
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Total children adopted 743 740 758 971 1,001
Age of Children Adopted (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Under 1 year 4.0 2.3 3.3 2.5 2.8
1 year 15.3 13.0 15.4 16.1 16.9
2 years 13.6 14.7 15.8 14.7 14.7
3 years 9.3 11.5 12.1 11.3 8.9
4 years 10.1 9.9 9.8 7.7 8.3
5 years 7.3 6.9 9.2 7.4 6.7
6 years 7.0 7.0 4.6 5.4 5.7
7 years 4.6 6.8 4.9 6.3 4.8
8 years 4.7 5.7 3.6 4.8 4.8
9 years 5.8 3.4 3.4 4.5 4.2
10 years 3.1 3.9 2.6 4.4 5.0
11 years 3.9 3.0 3.0 2.9 4.0
12 years 2.6 2.4 1.8 3.4 3.1
13 years 2.4 2.0 2.8 2.5 2.0
14 years 2.3 3.1 2.1 1.8 2.7
15 years 1.5 1.6 2.6 0.9 1.7
16 years 1.6 1.6 1.6 2.2 1.9
17 years 0.9 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.5
18 years 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3
19 years 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
20+ years 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0
Race/Ethnicity of Children Adopted (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Alaska Native / American Indian 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.8 0.1
Asian 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.2
Black 15.3 14.3 11.7 16.2 14.3
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.3
Hispanic (of any race) 9.3 7.3 9.4 3.5 6.7
White 64.6 67.8 64.8 68.0 68.3
Two or more races 9.8 9.9 13.2 11.0 10.1
Unknown 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Arkansas [Outcomes Data]

Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 6 Months (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children without a recurrence 94.5 94.8 94.3 95.5 95.0
Children with one or more recurrences 5.5 5.2 5.7 4.5 5.0
Number 4,519 4,375 4,725 4,422 4,187

Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS and AFCARS Foster Care File)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children maltreated while in foster care 0.18 0.24 0.18 0.23 0.13
Children not maltreated while in foster care 99.82 99.76 99.82 99.77 99.87
Number 7,211 7,759 8,285 8,545 7,811

Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Foster Care File)

3.1 Exits of Children From Foster Care (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 20.9 22.4 21.9 24.7 27.3
Guardianship 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.9 2.0
Reunification 70.3 68.6 69.2 66.5 63.1
Other 6.4 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.5
Missing data <.1 <.1 0.1 <.1 1.1
Number 3,405 3,213 3,405 3,770 3,578
Exits of Children With a Diagnosed Disability (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 42.1 17.8 23.1 28.3 30.2
Guardianship 2.4 2.8 1.6 1.9 1.6
Reunification 46.1 71.5 69.1 63.5 61.5
Other 9.4 7.9 6.2 6.3 6.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 <.1 0.7
Number 953 1,424 2,075 2,796 2,942
Exits of Children Older than Age 12 at Entry Into Foster Care (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.5 6.4
Guardianship 3.7 4.5 2.9 2.2 4.9
Reunification 65.8 61.3 66.2 60.7 57.5
Other 26.7 30.1 27.2 32.5 30.1
Missing data 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 1.0
Number 591 532 618 624 607

Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (Continued)

Exits to Emancipation (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children age 12 or younger at entry 22.7 22.5 17.3 16.3 17.4
Children older than 12 at entry 77.3 77.5 82.7 83.8 82.6
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number 203 204 202 240 219
Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)
  Alaska Native / American Indian Asian Black (non-Hispanic)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 33.3 100.0 37.5 30.8 33.3 28.6 0.0 0.0 28.6 33.3 16.6 17.1 15.5 20.7 19.5
Guardianship 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.3 0.0 0.0 14.3 0.0 2.8 2.0 1.3 3.4 3.3
Reunification 66.7 0.0 50.0 61.5 66.7 57.1 100.0 50.0 57.1 33.3 72.3 71.6 75.2 65.8 66.7
Other 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 50.0 0.0 33.3 8.3 9.3 8.0 10.0 10.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 12.5 7.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5
Number 3 3 8 13 3 7 3 2 7 3 614 539 626 638 657
Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)
  Native Hawaiian/Other Pac. Is. Hispanic (of any race) White (non-Hispanic)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 0.0 0.0 0.0 6.7 14.3 26.3 24.4 26.9 24.6 29.2 20.9 23.2 22.3 25.2 28.9
Guardianship 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 2.5 2.1 1.0 2.2 2.1 2.5 2.0 1.6 1.6
Reunification 100.0 100.0 100.0 80.0 85.7 68.2 68.0 64.5 69.1 61.9 71.0 67.9 69.5 67.3 62.4
Other 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.3 0.0 4.1 5.1 5.4 5.3 3.1 6.0 6.3 6.3 5.9 5.9
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 3.5 0.0 <.1 0.0 <.1 1.2
Number 1 1 6 15 7 217 197 242 207 226 2,222 2,128 2,161 2,511 2,255
Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)
  Unable to Determine Two or More Races Missing Data
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Adoption 20.0 0.0 17.6 21.4 11.1 25.7 25.5 28.3 29.3 31.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Guardianship 0.0 0.0 11.8 0.0 0.0 3.3 1.5 2.3 1.1 2.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Reunification 70.0 100.0 70.6 78.6 83.3 64.0 67.2 60.1 60.5 60.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Other 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.6 6.6 5.8 9.0 9.0 5.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number 10 16 17 14 18 331 326 343 365 409 0 0 0 0 0

Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Reentry (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Reunification (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Less than 12 mos. 81.6 78.5 78.1 74.8 70.2
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 15.9 18.7 19.1 22.6 26.1
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 1.8 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.9
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3
48 or more mos. 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.5
Missing data <.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number 2,395 2,204 2,357 2,508 2,258
Children Reentering Foster Care (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children entering care for the first time 84.9 84.5 84.6 85.5 84.2
Children reentering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode 7.0 6.5 5.7 6.0 6.5
Children reentering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode 8.0 9.1 9.6 8.4 9.3
Missing data <.1 0.0 <.1 <.1 0.0
Number 3,542 4,065 4,103 3,778 3,123

Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Adoption (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Less than 12 mos. 8.7 5.1 8.6 6.1 5.9
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos. 48.0 47.1 44.8 50.5 47.3
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos. 27.2 33.2 32.3 30.3 32.4
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos. 10.2 8.1 7.8 8.0 8.9
48 or more mos. 5.9 6.5 6.6 5.0 5.4
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number 713 720 746 932 978

Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Number of Placements by Time in Care (%)
  In Care Less Than 12 Months In Care at Least 12 months but Less Than 24 months In Care for 24 Months or Longer Time in Care Missing or Out of Range
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Children with 2 or fewer placements 75.0 72.7 72.1 74.1 77.3 48.2 44.9 49.3 47.1 51.2 21.0 19.9 21.4 23.6 19.7 50.0 100.0 91.7 66.7 85.7
Children with 3 or more placements 23.9 27.3 27.9 25.9 22.6 51.8 55.1 50.6 52.8 48.8 78.8 80.1 78.6 76.4 80.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Missing Placement setting counts 1.1 <.1 <.1 <.1 <.1 0.0 0.0 <.1 <.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 <.1 50.0 0.0 8.3 33.3 14.3
Total number 4,233 4,653 4,894 4,645 3,930 1,718 1,794 2,035 2,385 2,236 1,246 1,286 1,344 1,512 1,638 14 26 12 3 7

Reduce Placement of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%)
  2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Group homes 3.2 3.5 3.5 3.8 4.2
Institution 10.9 10.4 8.7 5.0 3.8
Other settings 85.9 86.0 87.8 91.2 92.0
Missing data 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Number 2,909 3,318 3,360 3,136 2,509