Utah

Utah [Context Data]

A. Context Statistics 1 2

General Child Population (Census Bureau) 3

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total children under 18 years	930,162	929,940	938,051	936,962	931,608
Race/ethnicity (%) 4
Alaska Native / American Indian	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8	0.8
Asian	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.9	2.0
Black	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
Hispanic (of any race)	17.7	17.9	18.3	18.7	19.3
White	73.9	73.5	73.0	72.3	71.4
Two or more races	3.5	3.6	3.7	3.9	4.0
Child population in poverty (%)	9.5	9.9	7.3	8.4	8.4

Child Welfare Summary 5

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Child maltreatment victims	10,122	10,579	9,694	9,233	8,765
Foster care entry rate	2.1	2.2	1.7	1.6	1.6
Children in foster care on 9/30	2,616	2,488	2,383	2,121	2,067
Children adopted	818	639	518	560	556

Caseworker Visits 6

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children receiving monthly visits (%)	96.4	96.7	96.8	96.8	92.9
Numerator (Children receiving monthly visits (%))	29,292	26,525	25,881	23,371	21,447
Denominator (Children receiving monthly visits (%))	30,376	27,420	26,735	24,140	23,083
Children receiving visits in the home (%)	99.9	99.9	100.0	100.0	99.7
Numerator Children receiving visits in the home (%)	29,249	26,499	25,869	23,367	21,382
Denominator Children receiving visits in the home (%)	29,292	26,525	25,881	23,371	21,447

1 The source data for each table is indicated in parentheses for each section. A calendar year is the basis for data from the Census Bureau. Most of the other data on these pages are from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) or the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) and are based on the federal fiscal year, October 1 through September 30.  Back
2 Data that did not meet the quality standards for inclusion in the report are represented as DQ*. Missing and incomplete data excluded from inclusion in the report are represented as --. For additional information on the data quality thresholds for the Child Welfare Outcomes Report, please reference the full report or the Child Welfare Outcomes data site.  Back
3 The total child population and data on race/ethnicity represent estimates from the Census Bureau https://www.census.gov/data/tables.html . Child poverty data are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS). Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 poverty estimates are not available on data.census.gov. The 2020 poverty estimates are considered experimental and can be found on the ACS Experimental Data webpage: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/experimental-data.html.  Back
4 For race/ethnicity tables, all races exclude children of Hispanic origin. The Child Welfare Outcomes Report data site http://cwoutcomes.acf.hhs.gov/cwodatasite provides alternative race/ethnicity breakdowns in which race and ethnicity are treated as two separate categories.  Back
5 A child victim is defined as a child for whom the state determined at least one maltreatment was substantiated or indicated. This includes a child who died of child abuse and neglect. This is a change from prior years when children with dispositions of alternative response victim were included as victims. The rate for foster care entry is per 1,000 children in the state population. Data on child maltreatment victims are from NCANDS. Data on foster care entry rate, children in foster care on 9/30, and children adopted are from AFCARS.  Back
6 The reporting population subject to the caseworker visits requirements includes all children under age 18 for at least the first day of the FY (October 1) who have been in foster care for at least one full calendar month during the FY. All states have the option of using an approved sampling procedure for the caseworker visits reporting requirement.  Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System [NCANDS]) 7

Overview Maltreatment Information 8

Category	Number					Rate
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment	26,076	26,926	25,860	25,642	26,819	28.0 per 1,000	29.0 per 1,000	27.6 per 1,000	27.4 per 1,000	28.8 per 1,000
Total child maltreatment victims	10,122	10,579	9,694	9,233	8,765	10.9 per 1,000	11.4 per 1,000	10.3 per 1,000	9.9 per 1,000	9.4 per 1,000
Child Fatalities	10	11	6	4	15	1.1 per 100,000	1.2 per 100,000	0.6 per 100,000	0.4 per 100,000	1.6 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	11.5	11.4	10.0	9.1	8.2
1 year	5.2	5.2	5.1	4.9	4.8
2 years	5.3	5.7	5.4	5.2	5.0
3 years	5.7	4.9	5.0	5.1	4.9
4 years	5.4	5.2	5.0	5.3	4.9
5 years	4.8	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.0
6 years	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.9	4.8
7 years	4.9	5.0	5.2	5.0	5.2
8 years	5.5	4.9	4.9	5.3	5.3
9 years	5.3	4.9	5.1	5.2	4.8
10 years	5.5	5.0	5.0	5.3	4.6
11 years	5.0	5.3	4.8	5.1	5.1
12 years	5.3	5.2	5.6	6.0	5.2
13 years	5.3	5.3	6.3	6.2	6.4
14 years	5.2	5.9	6.1	6.2	6.7
15 years	5.7	6.1	5.9	5.6	6.6
16 years	5.1	5.2	5.8	5.0	6.6
17 years	3.8	4.0	4.4	4.1	5.8
18+ years	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.0	0.0
Missing age data	<.1	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.1
Number	10,122	10,579	9,694	9,233	8,765

Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	1.7	1.8	2.1	1.8	1.8
Asian	0.4	0.6	0.8	0.8	0.8
Black	2.6	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.6
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	1.6	2.1	1.9	1.7	2.3
Hispanic (of any race)	21.0	22.8	24.1	25.5	25.1
White	69.4	65.8	63.5	62.2	62.7
Two or more races	2.4	3.0	3.1	3.2	2.6
Missing race data	0.7	0.7	1.1	1.4	1.1
Number	10,122	10,579	9,694	9,233	8,765

Maltreatment Types of Child Victims (%) 9

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Emotional abuse	29.0	31.2	37.5	40.1	38.1
Medical neglect	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.5
Neglect	29.8	29.1	27.3	27.1	25.9
Physical abuse	46.9	44.8	39.5	42.7	41.2
Sexual abuse	17.4	17.7	17.2	14.5	19.5
Sex trafficking	0.0	<.1	0.1	0.1	0.2
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	1.9	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.2
Number	10,122	10,579	9,694	9,233	8,765

Time to Investigation (in hours) 10

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Mean	93.1	88.5	89.0	88.3	90.1
Median	>72 but <96	>48 but <72	>48 but <72	>48 but <72	>48 but <72

7 The unique count of child victims counts a child only once regardless of the number of times he or she was found to be a victim during the reporting year.  Back
8 The rates for Child Protective Services responses and victims are per 1,000 children under age 18; for fatalities, the rate is per 100,000 children under age 18.  Back
9 These percentages are calculated against the number of unique victims. A child may have been the victim of more than one type of maltreatment, or the same type of maltreatment more than once. As a result, the total percentages both within and across maltreatment categories may exceed 100.  Back
10 Response time is defined as the time between the report of suspected maltreatment and the first face-to-face contact with the alleged victim or with another person who can provide information on the allegation.  Back

C. Characteristics of Children in Foster Care (Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System [AFCARS] Foster Care File)

Overview Foster Care Information

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total number	2,896	2,555	2,469	2,348	2,109	1,976	2,016	1,621	1,516	1,459	2,256	2,083	1,707	1,743	1,501	2,616	2,488	2,383	2,121	2,067
Median length of stay (months)	9.2	10.1	8.8	11.3	10.4	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	13.3	13.1	13.5	14.7	14.6	10.1	8.8	11.3	10.5	10.7

Age of Children in Foster Care (%)

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	8.8	8.5	8.7	8.0	9.9	18.9	17.5	18.2	21.4	17.8	6.4	6.2	5.9	5.4	4.6	8.3	8.8	8.0	9.9	8.5
1 year	7.1	7.1	7.3	8.0	7.6	6.9	7.0	8.3	6.8	6.4	11.3	10.2	10.6	11.5	12.4	7.3	7.2	8.1	7.7	8.1
2 years	6.2	6.0	5.8	6.2	6.2	7.1	6.6	7.5	6.2	6.4	6.7	7.1	7.6	6.6	7.7	5.9	5.9	6.1	6.4	5.3
3 years	5.7	6.5	4.9	5.9	5.4	6.9	5.6	6.2	6.9	6.1	7.7	7.4	5.7	7.3	6.7	6.4	4.9	6.0	5.2	5.8
4 years	4.8	5.0	6.5	5.2	5.0	5.1	6.7	4.7	4.6	5.3	5.9	5.8	6.4	6.7	6.4	5.0	6.5	5.3	5.1	5.1
5 years	5.2	4.1	4.9	4.9	4.1	4.5	5.7	5.1	3.8	4.9	5.5	5.5	6.2	5.0	4.7	4.3	4.9	4.9	4.1	4.2
6 years	4.1	4.6	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.8	5.0	4.5	5.6	5.3	4.2	5.2	4.3	5.4	4.5	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.5	4.4
7 years	3.4	3.7	4.3	4.9	4.2	4.4	4.3	4.8	4.4	5.4	4.4	4.6	4.2	5.1	4.6	3.7	4.3	4.9	4.1	5.3
8 years	3.9	3.8	3.6	4.2	3.7	4.4	4.6	3.9	3.6	5.1	3.9	4.4	4.1	5.3	5.3	4.0	3.6	4.1	3.8	4.2
9 years	4.2	4.5	4.2	4.2	3.9	3.5	3.9	4.6	3.7	3.1	3.5	4.3	3.7	3.9	3.5	4.6	4.2	4.3	3.9	3.4
10 years	4.0	4.3	3.7	3.7	4.3	3.9	3.7	3.0	4.4	4.9	3.9	3.9	3.7	4.2	4.9	4.4	3.8	3.7	4.3	4.2
11 years	3.9	4.3	4.1	3.4	3.8	4.3	3.9	3.8	4.2	4.3	3.6	4.4	3.6	3.7	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.4	4.0	4.0
12 years	3.5	3.9	3.9	4.3	4.2	3.7	3.5	4.5	5.0	3.8	2.8	3.8	3.3	3.9	3.4	3.9	3.9	4.3	4.1	4.2
13 years	3.8	4.8	4.1	4.5	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.5	4.8	4.2	3.1	3.6	4.3	3.4	4.0	4.9	4.1	4.4	5.0	4.8
14 years	4.9	4.5	5.5	4.6	5.3	3.6	4.9	3.8	4.8	4.4	3.7	4.4	4.3	3.2	3.3	4.6	5.5	4.5	5.2	5.2
15 years	6.1	5.6	5.5	5.5	6.0	5.2	4.5	4.7	3.8	4.9	3.8	2.9	3.6	3.4	3.9	5.5	5.4	5.6	5.8	5.8
16 years	7.0	6.5	6.2	6.3	6.0	4.2	4.3	4.2	3.6	4.7	5.4	4.4	4.3	4.0	4.3	6.5	6.1	6.2	6.0	6.3
17 years	7.3	6.5	6.3	5.8	5.5	3.7	3.5	3.6	2.2	2.7	4.0	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.1	6.3	6.2	5.8	5.4	6.6
18 years	4.6	4.3	4.2	3.4	3.1	0.0	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.0	7.4	5.4	7.3	5.2	4.8	4.2	4.2	3.4	3.0	2.9
19 years	1.2	1.2	1.6	1.6	1.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.3	2.2	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.1	1.6	1.6	1.6	1.3
20 years	0.3	0.3	0.4	0.8	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.7	0.2	0.7	1.0	1.7	0.3	0.4	0.8	0.9	0.7
21+; Missing Data	0.0	0.0	<.1	0.0	<.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	<.1	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.0	<.1	0.0	<.1	0.0

Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	3.3	2.8	2.5	3.0	1.9	3.1	2.8	3.5	2.6	2.3	3.8	3.4	2.8	4.0	1.9	2.7	2.3	2.9	1.9	2.2
Asian	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.6	0.7	0.2	0.3	0.8	0.5	0.3	0.4	0.2	0.5	0.5	0.8	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7	0.4
Black	4.2	2.7	3.3	4.4	3.8	2.4	3.5	4.5	3.2	4.6	4.4	2.8	2.9	4.2	3.5	2.6	3.3	4.4	3.7	4.6
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	0.9	1.0	0.7	0.9	0.8	1.3	1.3	0.9	0.5	2.3	1.1	1.6	0.5	0.7	1.1	1.0	0.8	1.0	0.8	1.6
Hispanic (of any race)	21.1	24.0	24.3	24.7	27.2	22.9	22.9	23.7	28.0	23.2	20.0	22.7	23.1	24.7	24.6	23.4	24.2	24.7	27.0	26.3
White	66.4	64.8	63.1	60.4	59.1	65.7	63.3	61.4	59.3	61.2	66.5	64.7	65.2	60.4	61.4	65.8	63.7	60.4	59.6	58.9
Two or more races	3.4	4.2	5.4	5.5	5.8	4.2	5.3	5.0	5.2	5.7	3.3	4.0	4.5	4.9	6.3	4.1	5.2	5.7	5.8	5.4
Unknown	0.3	0.2	0.4	0.4	0.7	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7
Missing race data	<.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	<.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

D. Characteristics of Children "Waiting for Adoption" 11 (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Children Waiting for Adoption

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total waiting children	728	685	682	698	585
Number of waiting children whose parents' rights have been terminated	388	361	296	306	257

11 There is no federal definition for a child waiting to be adopted. The definition used in the tables on this page includes children and youth through age 17 who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' parental rights have been terminated. It excludes children 16 years old and older whose parents' parental rights have been terminated and who have a goal of emancipation. A state's own definition may differ from that used here.  Back

Age of Children Waiting for Adoption (%) 12

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	7.1	8.2	7.3	8.9	5.0
1 year	6.7	8.5	8.7	8.7	9.7
2 years	5.4	6.7	5.4	7.2	5.8
3 years	7.4	5.1	6.6	5.9	7.4
4 years	3.6	7.4	5.9	5.6	5.1
5 years	4.9	5.4	4.8	5.3	4.6
6 years	6.7	4.1	5.6	5.0	4.6
7 years	4.4	5.1	4.7	3.9	5.3
8 years	4.4	3.4	5.1	5.7	3.9
9 years	7.3	4.8	4.5	4.2	5.0
10 years	5.8	5.4	4.7	5.2	3.9
11 years	6.5	5.3	4.7	4.4	4.3
12 years	5.8	5.7	5.4	4.9	5.3
13 years	4.5	5.1	7.2	5.9	6.5
14 years	5.2	4.5	5.3	5.7	6.0
15 years	4.9	5.1	4.5	5.9	6.8
16 years	4.8	6.0	4.7	4.6	6.2
17 years	4.5	4.2	4.8	3.2	4.6

12 Children older than 17 years fall outside of the definition used to identify waiting children and are therefore excluded from this table.  Back

Race/Ethnicity of Children Waiting for Adoption (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	4.0	4.1	4.1	2.3	2.1
Asian	0.1	0.0	0.1	0.6	0.2
Black	2.5	2.2	4.3	5.7	5.5
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	0.8	0.4	0.7	1.0	1.0
Hispanic (of any race)	24.0	25.8	25.4	26.4	25.6
White	64.3	61.0	58.5	56.4	59.5
Two or more races	4.3	6.1	6.7	7.4	5.8
Unknown	0.0	0.3	0.1	0.1	0.3
Missing race data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

E. Characteristics of Children Adopted (AFCARS Adoption File)

Children Adopted

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total children adopted	818	639	518	560	556

Age of Children Adopted (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	8.6	7.4	9.7	4.6	6.3
1 year	17.4	17.1	15.1	17.7	20.9
2 years	9.5	8.5	11.6	10.5	10.1
3 years	10.5	8.3	6.6	10.4	9.4
4 years	7.6	5.9	9.7	8.9	7.0
5 years	6.6	5.2	6.9	5.9	5.2
6 years	4.4	5.5	5.2	6.1	5.0
7 years	5.4	4.9	3.9	5.2	4.0
8 years	3.8	5.6	3.9	5.0	5.8
9 years	3.8	5.3	2.1	3.6	4.5
10 years	4.5	4.9	5.6	3.4	4.9
11 years	4.2	5.3	4.1	3.6	2.7
12 years	2.2	4.4	3.1	3.8	3.1
13 years	2.2	3.6	2.9	3.8	3.2
14 years	2.9	2.7	3.3	1.6	1.8
15 years	1.8	1.4	1.9	2.0	1.6
16 years	2.7	1.6	2.7	0.9	2.0
17 years	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.8	1.3
18 years	0.6	1.4	0.6	1.1	0.9
19 years	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.4	0.4
20 years	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.2

Race/Ethnicity of Children Adopted (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	3.3	2.8	2.7	2.9	1.3
Asian	0.1	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.5
Black	3.7	2.2	1.2	3.8	5.0
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	0.1	0.6	0.0	1.1	0.9
Hispanic (of any race)	16.5	20.5	25.7	24.3	29.1
White	71.9	69.6	64.1	61.8	56.5
Two or more races	3.3	3.0	4.6	5.4	5.9
Unknown	1.1	1.1	1.7	0.9	0.7
Missing race data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Utah [Outcomes Data]

Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 12 Months (%) 13

Year	2018-2019	2019-2020	2020-2021	2021-2022	2022-2023
Children without a recurrence	89.6	90.6	90.7	89.8	N/A
Children with one or more recurrences	10.4	9.4	9.3	10.2	N/A
Number	10,101	10,583	9,556	9,170	N/A

13 At the time of the analysis, data were not available to calculate the recurrence of maltreatment for children who were victims of maltreatment in 2022.  Back

Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS and AFCARS Foster Care File)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children maltreated while in foster care	0.43	0.20	0.42	1.24	1.18
Children not maltreated while in foster care	99.57	99.80	99.58	98.76	98.82
Number	4,872	4,571	4,090	3,864	3,568

Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Foster Care File)

3.1 Exits of Children From Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	34.4	29.3	28.6	30.4	35.1
Guardianship	7.7	9.8	8.6	12.0	9.3
Reunification	46.9	51.9	52.1	48.3	46.0
Other	10.6	8.8	10.4	9.1	8.8
Missing data	0.4	0.1	0.3	0.2	0.7
Number	2,256	2,083	1,707	1,743	1,501

Exits of Children With a Diagnosed Disability (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	18.6	27.0	29.5	29.5	35.6
Guardianship	4.3	12.2	9.2	15.3	13.3
Reunification	20.7	43.8	38.5	35.5	34.3
Other	54.3	16.8	22.6	19.7	16.8
Missing data	2.1	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Number	140	582	509	518	481

Exits of Children Older than Age 12 at Entry Into Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	7.7	7.2	4.7	8.5	9.3
Guardianship	14.6	15.9	12.5	19.5	19.6
Reunification	40.4	43.6	44.6	37.6	33.9
Other	36.0	32.7	37.0	33.6	33.9
Missing data	1.3	0.7	1.2	0.8	3.4
Number	555	447	408	354	322

Exits to Emancipation (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children age 12 or younger at entry	12.4	13.1	9.4	14.8	7.1
Children older than 12 at entry	87.6	86.9	90.6	85.2	92.9
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	170	122	139	115	99

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Alaska Native / American Indian					Asian					Black (non-Hispanic)
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	31.4	25.4	27.7	22.9	20.7	11.1	25.0	0.0	0.0	25.0	28.0	24.1	12.2	26.0	51.9
Guardianship	3.5	22.5	19.1	0.0	6.9	11.1	0.0	0.0	25.0	0.0	6.0	12.1	16.3	8.2	3.8
Reunification	46.5	36.6	36.2	60.0	37.9	77.8	50.0	66.7	75.0	50.0	41.0	50.0	59.2	47.9	25.0
Other	18.6	15.5	14.9	17.1	31.0	0.0	25.0	33.3	0.0	16.7	24.0	13.8	12.2	17.8	17.3
Missing data	0.0	0.0	2.1	0.0	3.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.3	1.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.9
Number	86	71	47	70	29	9	4	9	8	12	100	58	49	73	52

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Hispanic (of any race)					Native Hawaiian/Other Pac. Is.					White (non-Hispanic)
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	27.9	26.4	31.6	30.0	40.7	4.2	12.1	0.0	15.4	23.5	36.8	31.2	27.9	30.7	32.3
Guardianship	10.6	11.4	9.4	13.3	5.4	4.2	3.0	25.0	23.1	0.0	7.4	8.7	7.5	12.7	11.4
Reunification	49.2	53.3	47.1	47.4	44.2	83.3	81.8	62.5	53.8	76.5	46.3	51.3	55.1	47.9	47.7
Other	11.8	8.9	11.6	8.8	8.4	8.3	3.0	12.5	7.7	0.0	9.0	8.5	9.3	8.6	8.2
Missing data	0.4	0.0	0.3	0.5	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.2	0.2	<.1	0.3
Number	451	473	395	430	369	24	33	8	13	17	1,501	1,348	1,113	1,053	922

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Two or More Races					Unable to Determine					Missing Data
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	41.3	26.2	33.8	41.9	38.3	100.0	41.7	88.9	50.0	50.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guardianship	4.0	9.5	9.1	9.3	9.6	0.0	8.3	0.0	0.0	33.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Reunification	44.0	57.1	41.6	45.3	46.8	0.0	50.0	11.1	40.0	16.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	10.7	7.1	14.3	3.5	5.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	10.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Missing data	0.0	0.0	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	75	84	77	86	94	9	12	9	10	6	1	0	0	0	0

Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Reentry (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Reunification (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Less than 12 mos.	63.8	63.8	61.2	59.8	63.2
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos.	31.9	33.4	36.1	37.0	33.9
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos.	2.6	1.6	1.5	1.5	2.3
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos.	0.8	0.3	0.9	1.0	0.1
48 or more mos.	0.7	0.5	0.2	0.0	0.4
Missing data	0.3	0.6	0.1	0.7	0.0
Number	1,058	1,082	889	841	691

Children Reentering Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children entering care for the first time	83.7	85.1	82.5	81.3	82.5
Children reentering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode	6.3	5.6	6.2	4.7	4.2
Children reentering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode	8.8	8.3	10.9	12.3	12.1
Missing data	1.3	1.0	0.4	1.6	1.2
Number	1,976	2,016	1,621	1,516	1,459

Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Adoption (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Less than 12 mos.	24.1	23.1	22.9	13.8	16.5
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos.	56.2	52.5	47.6	51.1	54.1
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos.	13.0	17.9	17.0	25.7	22.6
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos.	4.5	3.9	6.7	5.1	3.2
48 or more mos.	2.2	2.6	5.7	4.3	3.6
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	776	610	489	530	527

Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Number of Placements by Time in Care (%)

Category	In Care Less Than 12 Months					In Care at Least 12 months but Less Than 24 months					In Care for 24 Months or Longer					Time in Care Missing or Out of Range
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children with 2 or fewer placements	79.6	79.7	78.8	82.8	79.1	56.2	55.3	58.1	55.8	59.3	16.7	19.6	18.8	24.6	21.1	100.0	54.5	66.7	88.2	85.7
Children with 3 or more placements	19.1	18.8	20.1	15.2	19.4	42.7	44.1	40.9	43.1	40.0	83.1	80.0	81.1	75.4	78.9	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Missing Placement setting counts	1.3	1.5	1.1	2.0	1.5	1.1	0.5	1.0	1.0	0.6	0.1	0.4	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	45.5	33.3	11.8	14.3
Total number	2,529	2,507	2,021	1,836	1,778	1,531	1,332	1,384	1,248	1,092	807	721	682	763	691	5	11	3	17	7

Reduce Placement of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Group homes	0.5	0.3	0.6	0.2	0.2
Institution	0.4	0.3	0.5	0.5	0.2
Other settings	99.2	99.5	98.9	99.3	99.7
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	<.1	0.0
Number	1,536	1,563	1,271	1,215	1,145