Florida

Florida [Context Data]

A. Context Statistics 1 2

General Child Population (Census Bureau) 3

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total children under 18 years	4,226,134	4,233,967	4,229,720	4,234,511	4,296,354
Race/ethnicity (%) 4
Alaska Native / American Indian	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2
Asian	2.7	2.7	2.8	2.8	2.9
Black	20.2	20.1	20.0	19.9	19.6
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Hispanic (of any race)	30.7	31.1	31.4	31.6	32.0
White	42.3	42.0	41.7	41.5	41.2
Two or more races	3.7	3.8	3.9	4.0	4.0
Child population in poverty (%)	19.7	17.7	16.5	17.1	17.1

Child Welfare Summary 5

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Child maltreatment victims	36,795	32,915	28,268	27,394	24,505
Foster care entry rate	3.8	3.7	3.2	3.1	2.6
Children in foster care on 9/30	24,663	24,871	23,737	23,632	22,492
Children adopted	4,455	4,714	4,534	3,938	3,843

Caseworker Visits 6

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children receiving monthly visits (%)	96.4	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.4
Numerator (Children receiving monthly visits (%))	261,888	257,231	249,319	245,381	237,038
Denominator (Children receiving monthly visits (%))	271,687	268,857	259,803	255,216	248,578
Children receiving visits in the home (%)	99.2	99.7	97.6	83.5	97.8
Numerator Children receiving visits in the home (%)	259,678	256,547	243,434	204,847	231,708
Denominator Children receiving visits in the home (%)	261,888	257,231	249,319	245,381	237,038

1 The source data for each table is indicated in parentheses for each section. A calendar year is the basis for data from the Census Bureau. Most of the other data on these pages are from the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System (NCANDS) or the Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System (AFCARS) and are based on the federal fiscal year, October 1 through September 30.  Back
2 Data that did not meet the quality standards for inclusion in the report are represented as DQ*. Missing and incomplete data excluded from inclusion in the report are represented as --. For additional information on the data quality thresholds for the Child Welfare Outcomes Report, please reference the full report or the Child Welfare Outcomes data site.  Back
3 The total child population and data on race/ethnicity represent estimates from the Census Bureau https://www.census.gov/data/tables.html . Child poverty data are from the Census Bureau's American Community Survey (ACS). Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 poverty estimates are not available on data.census.gov. The 2020 poverty estimates are considered experimental and can be found on the ACS Experimental Data webpage: https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/data/experimental-data.html.  Back
4 For race/ethnicity tables, all races exclude children of Hispanic origin. The Child Welfare Outcomes Report data site http://cwoutcomes.acf.hhs.gov/cwodatasite provides alternative race/ethnicity breakdowns in which race and ethnicity are treated as two separate categories.  Back
5 A child victim is defined as a child for whom the state determined at least one maltreatment was substantiated or indicated. This includes a child who died of child abuse and neglect. This is a change from prior years when children with dispositions of alternative response victim were included as victims. The rate for foster care entry is per 1,000 children in the state population. Data on child maltreatment victims are from NCANDS. Data on foster care entry rate, children in foster care on 9/30, and children adopted are from AFCARS.  Back
6 The reporting population subject to the caseworker visits requirements includes all children under age 18 for at least the first day of the FY (October 1) who have been in foster care for at least one full calendar month during the FY. All states have the option of using an approved sampling procedure for the caseworker visits reporting requirement.  Back

B. Child Maltreatment Data (National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System [NCANDS]) 7

Overview Maltreatment Information 8

Category	Number					Rate
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children subject of an investigated report alleging child maltreatment	292,518	285,141	251,149	256,060	251,757	69.2 per 1,000	67.3 per 1,000	59.4 per 1,000	60.5 per 1,000	58.6 per 1,000
Total child maltreatment victims	36,795	32,915	28,268	27,394	24,505	8.7 per 1,000	7.8 per 1,000	6.7 per 1,000	6.5 per 1,000	5.7 per 1,000
Child Fatalities	111	114	101	84	86	2.6 per 100,000	2.7 per 100,000	2.4 per 100,000	2.0 per 100,000	2.0 per 100,000

Age of Child Victims (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	16.1	15.6	15.9	15.7	15.6
1 year	8.1	7.6	8.0	7.4	7.2
2 years	7.4	7.2	7.2	7.2	7.2
3 years	6.9	7.0	6.9	6.4	6.8
4 years	6.3	6.2	6.1	5.9	6.2
5 years	5.9	5.8	6.3	6.0	5.8
6 years	5.6	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.5
7 years	5.1	5.0	5.3	5.2	5.3
8 years	4.8	4.6	4.7	4.9	4.6
9 years	4.9	4.9	4.4	4.3	4.1
10 years	4.7	4.6	4.4	4.4	4.2
11 years	4.3	4.4	4.2	4.1	4.3
12 years	3.7	4.2	4.2	4.5	4.4
13 years	3.6	3.9	4.0	4.6	4.3
14 years	3.5	3.8	3.8	4.2	4.4
15 years	3.4	3.8	3.7	3.8	4.0
16 years	3.0	3.1	3.1	3.3	3.5
17 years	2.3	2.5	2.1	2.2	2.4
18+ years	<.1	0.0	0.0	<.1	<.1
Missing age data	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Number	36,795	32,915	28,268	27,394	24,505

Race/Ethnicity of Child Victims (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	0.1	<.1	0.2	0.1	<.1
Asian	0.4	0.3	0.4	0.3	0.4
Black	28.8	27.3	27.8	29.1	29.0
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Hispanic (of any race)	17.5	18.7	17.7	18.2	17.4
White	43.7	43.9	44.4	42.4	42.5
Two or more races	5.2	5.2	5.3	5.4	5.4
Missing race data	4.1	4.4	4.2	4.4	5.2
Number	36,795	32,915	28,268	27,394	24,505

Maltreatment Types of Child Victims (%) 9

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Emotional abuse	1.3	1.3	1.0	1.3	1.3
Medical neglect	3.2	3.3	3.4	3.7	3.7
Neglect	61.5	61.2	61.9	61.5	61.2
Physical abuse	8.5	8.7	8.5	8.2	9.1
Sexual abuse	7.9	9.1	8.4	9.6	10.1
Sex trafficking	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Other	43.7	43.1	42.8	41.0	39.3
Number	36,795	32,915	28,268	27,394	24,505

Time to Investigation (in hours) 10

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Mean	11.7	10.7	10.8	11.5	11.9
Median	<24	<24	<24	<24	<24

7 The unique count of child victims counts a child only once regardless of the number of times he or she was found to be a victim during the reporting year.  Back
8 The rates for Child Protective Services responses and victims are per 1,000 children under age 18; for fatalities, the rate is per 100,000 children under age 18.  Back
9 These percentages are calculated against the number of unique victims. A child may have been the victim of more than one type of maltreatment, or the same type of maltreatment more than once. As a result, the total percentages both within and across maltreatment categories may exceed 100.  Back
10 Response time is defined as the time between the report of suspected maltreatment and the first face-to-face contact with the alleged victim or with another person who can provide information on the allegation.  Back

C. Characteristics of Children in Foster Care (Adoption and Foster Care Analysis and Reporting System [AFCARS] Foster Care File)

Overview Foster Care Information

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total number	23,982	23,677	23,938	23,026	23,032	16,044	15,498	13,335	13,117	11,088	15,363	14,304	13,535	12,511	11,627	24,663	24,871	23,737	23,632	22,492
Median length of stay (months)	10.5	10.8	11.3	12.5	12.5	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	13.5	14.0	15.4	16.2	17.2	11.1	11.5	12.6	12.7	14.1

Age of Children in Foster Care (%)

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	8.9	8.9	8.5	8.4	8.3	20.2	20.0	21.5	21.5	21.4	4.7	4.7	4.1	4.1	3.9	8.7	8.3	8.2	8.1	7.3
1 year	10.2	10.7	9.9	10.0	9.7	9.2	7.9	8.5	7.6	7.5	9.4	9.8	9.3	9.5	9.2	10.6	9.8	10.1	9.7	9.4
2 years	9.6	9.5	9.1	9.0	8.6	7.9	7.3	7.6	7.1	7.3	10.0	10.4	10.3	10.1	10.2	9.4	9.0	8.9	8.6	8.4
3 years	8.4	8.1	7.8	7.6	7.4	6.9	6.5	6.6	6.3	6.7	9.0	9.2	8.6	8.8	8.6	8.0	7.7	7.6	7.3	7.4
4 years	7.1	7.4	6.7	6.5	6.6	6.4	5.7	5.8	5.7	5.6	7.9	8.0	7.6	7.4	7.4	7.3	6.6	6.5	6.6	6.6
5 years	5.8	6.4	6.2	6.0	5.6	5.8	5.2	5.6	5.6	5.3	6.4	7.1	7.1	6.7	6.1	6.3	6.1	6.0	5.6	5.9
6 years	5.2	5.6	5.3	5.3	5.6	5.2	5.1	5.0	5.4	4.9	5.4	6.3	5.8	6.0	6.4	5.5	5.2	5.4	5.6	5.1
7 years	5.0	5.1	4.9	5.0	5.1	4.8	4.4	4.9	4.9	4.7	4.6	5.0	5.4	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.0	4.9	5.1	4.9
8 years	4.7	4.4	4.7	4.6	4.8	4.3	4.0	4.0	4.5	4.1	5.1	4.7	4.9	5.1	5.4	4.6	4.9	4.6	4.8	4.7
9 years	4.7	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.4	4.5	4.0	3.7	3.8	3.8	5.1	4.3	4.4	4.4	4.5	4.4	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.3
10 years	4.2	4.4	4.2	3.8	3.8	4.0	3.8	3.7	3.7	3.5	4.4	4.2	4.4	3.9	4.1	4.3	4.1	3.7	3.8	4.0
11 years	3.7	4.1	4.2	3.8	3.9	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.9	3.6	3.8	4.1	4.3	3.9	3.7	4.0	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.6
12 years	3.6	3.5	3.8	3.9	3.8	3.2	3.4	3.6	3.7	3.8	3.6	3.7	3.8	4.1	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.8	3.7	3.8
13 years	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.7	4.0	3.0	3.2	3.5	3.5	3.7	3.0	3.3	3.7	3.4	3.3	3.4	3.4	3.7	3.9	4.0
14 years	3.5	3.2	3.5	3.6	3.9	3.0	2.9	3.0	3.7	3.9	2.7	2.7	3.2	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.9	4.1
15 years	3.6	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.7	3.1	3.4	3.3	3.2	3.7	2.9	2.7	2.5	2.8	3.1	3.7	3.5	3.7	3.7	4.3
16 years	4.0	3.7	3.9	3.9	3.9	3.0	2.8	2.9	2.8	3.4	2.7	2.6	2.7	2.8	2.8	3.7	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.9
17 years	4.6	3.3	3.6	3.9	3.8	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	2.7	2.4	2.5	2.8	2.7	3.9	3.7	3.9	3.8	4.1
18 years	<.1	<.1	1.4	1.5	1.5	0.0	2.8	0.6	0.5	0.6	6.6	3.9	3.9	3.8	4.0	<.1	1.7	1.7	1.9	2.0
19 years	<.1	0.0	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.0	1.3	0.4	0.4	0.3	0.0	0.5	0.5	0.8	0.8	0.0	0.9	1.1	1.2	1.2
20 years	0.0	0.0	0.5	0.7	0.7	0.0	0.8	0.2	0.2	0.2	<.1	0.2	0.4	0.7	0.6	0.0	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8
21+; Missing Data	<.1	0.0	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.0	<.1	<.1	0.3	0.5	0.6	1.0	<.1	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2

Race/Ethnicity of Children in Foster Care (%)

Category	In Foster Care on 10/1 FY					Entered Foster Care in FY					Exited Foster Care in FY					In Foster Care on 9/30 FY
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.3	0.2	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.1	0.3	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.1	<.1	<.1
Asian	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.2	0.4	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.2
Black	30.4	29.8	29.8	28.5	28.9	29.0	28.9	27.2	28.9	30.1	29.8	28.9	28.9	28.0	26.7	29.9	29.8	28.8	29.0	30.7
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.0	<.1	0.0	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Hispanic (of any race)	16.1	15.7	16.5	17.2	17.2	17.4	17.9	17.5	18.0	18.1	18.1	16.8	16.6	17.7	17.5	15.7	16.4	17.0	17.4	17.5
White	46.4	46.8	45.9	46.2	45.5	46.0	45.7	47.5	44.4	43.2	45.1	46.8	46.8	45.7	46.8	46.9	46.2	46.3	45.5	43.7
Two or more races	6.3	6.8	6.9	7.0	7.0	6.8	6.4	6.3	6.8	6.9	6.3	6.6	6.8	7.3	7.8	6.6	6.7	6.7	6.7	6.5
Unknown	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.8	1.1	0.5	0.6	1.0	1.5	1.1	0.3	0.6	0.6	0.8	0.9	0.6	0.6	0.8	1.2	1.2
Missing race data	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1

D. Characteristics of Children "Waiting for Adoption" 11 (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Children Waiting for Adoption

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total waiting children	9,235	9,386	9,084	9,034	8,615
Number of waiting children whose parents' rights have been terminated	5,853	5,963	5,171	5,644	5,576

11 There is no federal definition for a child waiting to be adopted. The definition used in the tables on this page includes children and youth through age 17 who have a goal of adoption and/or whose parents' parental rights have been terminated. It excludes children 16 years old and older whose parents' parental rights have been terminated and who have a goal of emancipation. A state's own definition may differ from that used here.  Back

Age of Children Waiting for Adoption (%) 12

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	4.2	3.8	3.8	3.9	3.7
1 year	10.2	10.2	10.4	10.1	9.7
2 years	10.2	10.0	9.8	10.0	9.7
3 years	8.7	8.7	8.3	8.2	8.0
4 years	7.5	7.2	6.8	7.4	6.8
5 years	6.4	6.9	6.5	6.1	6.4
6 years	5.7	5.6	5.7	5.7	5.6
7 years	5.7	5.3	5.4	5.3	4.9
8 years	5.3	5.5	4.8	4.9	5.2
9 years	4.6	4.3	4.7	4.7	4.5
10 years	4.6	4.6	4.1	4.3	4.8
11 years	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.3	4.3
12 years	3.6	4.2	4.5	4.2	4.2
13 years	4.0	3.9	4.3	4.6	4.5
14 years	3.8	4.3	4.2	4.6	5.2
15 years	4.3	4.2	4.7	4.4	5.2
16 years	3.9	4.4	4.1	4.3	4.2
17 years	2.8	2.7	3.4	3.1	3.2

12 Children older than 17 years fall outside of the definition used to identify waiting children and are therefore excluded from this table.  Back

Race/Ethnicity of Children Waiting for Adoption (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Asian	0.2	<.1	<.1	<.1	0.2
Black	29.6	27.7	27.5	27.8	27.8
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Hispanic (of any race)	13.6	14.9	15.3	15.2	15.8
White	49.0	49.7	48.6	48.3	48.0
Two or more races	6.7	7.0	7.7	7.4	6.6
Unknown	0.7	0.5	0.7	1.1	1.5
Missing race data	<.1	<.1	0.0	0.0	<.1

E. Characteristics of Children Adopted (AFCARS Adoption File)

Children Adopted

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Total children adopted	4,455	4,714	4,534	3,938	3,843

Age of Children Adopted (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Under 1 year	3.2	2.8	2.7	2.4	2.4
1 year	11.3	12.0	10.7	11.0	10.2
2 years	15.0	13.8	14.0	14.0	14.1
3 years	11.3	11.9	10.6	11.0	11.3
4 years	9.2	9.6	8.5	8.3	8.8
5 years	6.8	8.1	8.6	7.3	7.0
6 years	6.4	6.1	6.2	6.8	7.1
7 years	5.0	5.7	5.8	6.0	5.6
8 years	5.2	4.4	4.7	5.1	5.6
9 years	4.7	4.2	4.3	5.1	4.7
10 years	4.3	3.8	4.5	3.7	4.0
11 years	3.5	4.1	3.8	3.4	3.6
12 years	3.5	3.3	3.6	4.2	3.5
13 years	2.7	2.6	3.4	2.3	2.9
14 years	2.4	2.2	2.7	2.7	2.3
15 years	1.9	1.8	2.0	2.4	2.6
16 years	1.7	2.1	1.9	2.0	1.9
17 years	1.5	1.3	1.8	2.0	2.1
18 years	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5
19 years	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
20 years	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0

Race/Ethnicity of Children Adopted (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Alaska Native / American Indian	<.1	<.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Asian	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.1	<.1
Black	25.1	27.1	24.5	23.8	22.1
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander	0.0	0.0	<.1	<.1	0.2
Hispanic (of any race)	14.3	13.2	13.7	14.9	14.1
White	52.8	51.8	53.9	51.7	54.0
Two or more races	7.1	7.1	7.3	8.8	8.8
Unknown	0.3	0.6	0.3	0.7	0.8
Missing race data	0.0	0.0	<.1	0.0	0.0

Florida [Outcomes Data]

Reduce Recurrence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect (NCANDS)

Recurrence of Maltreatment Within 12 Months (%) 13

Year	2018-2019	2019-2020	2020-2021	2021-2022	2022-2023
Children without a recurrence	92.9	93.3	93.2	93.6	N/A
Children with one or more recurrences	7.1	6.7	6.8	6.4	N/A
Number	36,208	31,754	28,096	27,100	N/A

13 At the time of the analysis, data were not available to calculate the recurrence of maltreatment for children who were victims of maltreatment in 2022.  Back

Reduce the Incidence of Child Abuse and/or Neglect in Foster Care (NCANDS and AFCARS Foster Care File)

2.1 Maltreatment in Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children maltreated while in foster care	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1	<.1
Children not maltreated while in foster care	99.99	99.98	99.99	99.99	99.99
Number	40,026	39,175	37,273	36,143	34,120

Increase Permanency for Children in Foster Care (AFCARS Foster Care File)

3.1 Exits of Children From Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	27.1	31.4	32.5	30.9	33.2
Guardianship	19.6	18.5	17.4	17.9	16.8
Reunification	45.8	44.4	43.6	44.2	42.6
Other	6.9	5.1	5.5	6.0	6.6
Missing data	0.6	0.7	1.1	1.0	0.8
Number	15,363	14,304	13,535	12,511	11,627

Exits of Children With a Diagnosed Disability (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	42.0	48.5	47.8	45.0	48.8
Guardianship	15.0	11.6	11.4	12.2	10.8
Reunification	34.0	29.7	30.1	29.6	24.2
Other	8.8	10.0	10.4	13.2	15.8
Missing data	0.2	0.1	0.2	<.1	0.4
Number	2,679	2,498	2,528	2,113	1,858

Exits of Children Older than Age 12 at Entry Into Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	7.9	10.2	11.0	10.0	10.5
Guardianship	23.0	24.8	22.7	22.8	21.7
Reunification	32.1	31.9	31.0	30.9	30.8
Other	36.5	32.8	34.6	35.7	36.6
Missing data	0.5	0.4	0.6	0.6	0.4
Number	2,485	1,999	1,955	1,867	1,797

Exits to Emancipation (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children age 12 or younger at entry	12.1	7.3	6.4	8.7	11.0
Children older than 12 at entry	87.9	92.7	93.6	91.3	89.0
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	1,026	702	720	721	730

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Alaska Native / American Indian					Asian					Black (non-Hispanic)
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	6.7	15.4	0.0	0.0	0.0	32.1	33.3	26.7	11.1	13.3	23.3	29.4	28.1	26.7	27.5
Guardianship	40.0	23.1	14.3	38.2	42.9	3.6	6.7	13.3	0.0	6.7	19.8	19.1	18.4	18.9	17.0
Reunification	33.3	53.8	85.7	55.9	57.1	57.1	53.3	50.0	83.3	73.3	46.8	43.5	45.7	45.6	46.1
Other	6.7	0.0	0.0	5.9	0.0	7.1	3.3	10.0	5.6	6.7	9.8	7.6	7.2	7.9	9.1
Missing data	13.3	7.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.4	0.6	0.9	0.4
Number	15	13	14	34	7	28	30	30	18	15	4,581	4,131	3,905	3,499	3,109

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Hispanic (of any race)					Native Hawaiian/Other Pac. Is.					White (non-Hispanic)
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	21.2	25.1	27.2	25.9	26.5	0.0	0.0	80.0	50.0	85.7	31.7	34.6	37.1	34.8	38.3
Guardianship	16.9	18.4	17.3	17.9	17.2	0.0	25.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	20.5	18.4	17.0	17.3	16.2
Reunification	54.2	50.9	49.0	49.0	48.9	0.0	50.0	0.0	25.0	0.0	41.7	42.1	40.1	41.6	38.7
Other	7.4	5.1	5.7	6.5	7.1	0.0	25.0	20.0	25.0	14.3	5.2	4.1	4.5	5.1	5.6
Missing data	0.3	0.6	0.8	0.7	0.3	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.8	1.3	1.2	1.2
Number	2,777	2,403	2,243	2,219	2,038	0	4	5	4	7	6,932	6,697	6,338	5,721	5,438

Exits by Race/Ethnicity (%)

Category	Two or More Races					Unable to Determine					Missing Data
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Adoption	30.3	34.2	34.6	37.5	37.8	26.5	31.7	17.7	25.5	29.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Guardianship	20.0	17.6	15.6	17.6	18.7	22.4	11.0	12.7	12.7	16.8	0.0	14.3	42.9	0.0	0.0
Reunification	45.4	45.5	43.4	40.9	39.3	46.9	54.9	60.8	58.8	46.7	100.0	71.4	28.6	100.0	100.0
Other	3.5	1.7	4.9	3.6	3.4	2.0	2.4	5.1	2.0	4.7	0.0	14.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Missing data	0.8	1.1	1.4	0.4	0.8	2.0	0.0	3.8	1.0	2.8	0.0	0.0	28.6	0.0	0.0
Number	974	937	914	913	904	49	82	79	102	107	7	7	7	1	2

Reduce Time to Reunification Without Increasing Reentry (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Reunification (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Less than 12 mos.	67.4	63.3	59.9	57.7	57.5
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos.	26.6	28.8	32.1	33.2	32.1
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos.	5.0	6.5	6.2	7.3	7.4
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos.	0.6	1.2	1.5	1.2	2.4
48 or more mos.	0.4	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.7
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	7,036	6,344	5,896	5,533	4,956

Children Reentering Foster Care (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children entering care for the first time	80.4	75.9	79.4	79.8	80.3
Children reentering care within 12 mos. of a prior episode	7.0	8.9	7.4	6.5	6.4
Children reentering care more than 12 mos. after a prior episode	12.5	14.6	12.7	13.4	12.8
Missing data	0.2	0.6	0.5	0.3	0.5
Number	16,044	15,498	13,335	13,117	11,088

Reduce Time in Foster Care to Adoption (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Time to Adoption (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Less than 12 mos.	10.5	10.3	8.4	7.0	6.9
At least 12 mos., but less than 24 mos.	36.4	34.5	32.2	28.1	26.6
At least 24 mos., but less than 36 mos.	34.6	34.7	35.0	36.1	37.3
At least 36 mos., but less than 48 mos.	12.9	14.1	16.4	18.4	18.5
48 or more mos.	5.4	6.5	8.0	10.4	10.7
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	4,171	4,490	4,404	3,870	3,858

Increase Placement Stability (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Number of Placements by Time in Care (%)

Category	In Care Less Than 12 Months					In Care at Least 12 months but Less Than 24 months					In Care for 24 Months or Longer					Time in Care Missing or Out of Range
Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Children with 2 or fewer placements	81.2	81.6	84.5	82.8	81.2	65.3	64.8	66.0	69.7	68.9	43.3	43.5	40.4	41.1	43.4	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Children with 3 or more placements	18.8	18.4	15.5	17.2	18.8	34.7	35.2	34.0	30.3	31.1	56.7	56.5	59.6	58.9	56.6	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Missing Placement setting counts	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Total number	19,935	18,857	16,429	15,668	13,528	11,641	11,474	11,492	10,433	10,389	8,434	8,790	9,294	9,982	10,180	16	54	58	60	23

Reduce Placement of Young Children in Group Homes or Institutions (AFCARS Foster Care File)

Most Recent Placement Settings of Children Who Entered Care During the Fiscal Year and Were Age 12 or Younger at the Time of This Placement (%)

Year	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022
Group homes	4.0	3.5	2.3	2.3	2.2
Institution	0.5	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.4
Other settings	95.4	96.1	97.3	97.3	97.4
Missing data	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Number	13,729	12,484	11,149	10,925	9,078